Keyword Guide · study-guide
Act 1 of Hamlet sets up the play’s mystery, conflict, and emotional stakes. It introduces major characters, the ghostly problem, and Hamlet’s inner struggle. This guide helps you review quickly and prepare for discussion, quizzes, and essays.
Act 1 opens with guards on the battlements who report seeing a ghost that looks like the late king. The ghost later appears to Hamlet and reveals that his death was not natural. Hamlet learns that his uncle, now king, is responsible, which launches the central conflict of the play.
Hamlet appears as a thoughtful and grieving prince. King Claudius is established as the new ruler and Hamlet’s uncle. Queen Gertrude is Hamlet’s mother, recently remarried. The ghost of Hamlet’s father drives the plot by demanding revenge.
Appearance versus reality is central, as things are not what they seem at court. Revenge is introduced as a moral challenge rather than a simple action. Act 1 also explores grief, loyalty, and uncertainty, especially through Hamlet’s reactions.
This act establishes the mystery Hamlet must solve and the emotional burden he carries. It explains why Hamlet hesitates and questions his role. Everything that follows grows from the choices and revelations made here.
The ghost reveals the truth about the former king’s death and gives Hamlet a mission. Without the ghost, there would be no revenge plot.
Hamlet struggles between his duty to avenge his father and his doubts about action, morality, and truth.
Know the ghost’s message, the new king’s identity, Hamlet’s emotional state, and the major themes introduced.
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