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The Scarlet Letter Chapters 17-18: The Forest Meeting and the Escape Plan

Chapters 17 and 18 of Nathaniel Hawthorne's masterpiece represent the emotional turning point of the novel. In the seclusion of the forest, Hester Prynne and Arthur Dimmesdale finally confront their shared past and envision a future beyond the harsh judgment of Puritan society.

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Chapter 17: The Pastor and His Parishioner

In this pivotal chapter, Hester and Dimmesdale meet in the woods, a space removed from the rigid laws of Salem. Hester finally reveals the true identity of Roger Chillingworth, explaining that the physician is actually her husband and has been psychologically torturing the minister. Initially, Dimmesdale is overcome with anger and despair, blaming Hester for his suffering. However, he eventually forgives her, acknowledging that Chillingworth’s calculated revenge is a 'blacker sin' than their own act of passion.

The Plan for a New Life

Recognizing that they cannot continue under the shadow of Chillingworth and the Puritan elders, Hester proposes a radical solution: escape. She suggests they return to the Old World, where they can live as a family in a bustling city. Dimmesdale, who has felt trapped by his guilt and his public duties, finds a new sense of hope in Hester’s strength. They decide to flee on a ship currently in the harbor, marking the first time they actively choose to reclaim their lives.

Chapter 18: A Flood of Sunshine

This chapter focuses on the internal and symbolic transformation of the characters. Emboldened by their decision to leave, Hester removes the scarlet letter and throws it among the withered leaves. She also unbinds her hair, allowing her natural beauty and vitality to return. Hawthorne uses the 'flood of sunshine' that breaks through the forest canopy to signify nature's approval of their renewed spirit, contrasting the natural world with the cold, judgmental atmosphere of the town.

Key Symbols and Study Themes

When analyzing these chapters for class or an essay, focus on the contrast between the Forest and the Town. The forest serves as a sanctuary where truth can be spoken and the social hierarchy vanishes. Also, pay attention to the character of Pearl; while her parents find temporary peace, she remains a physical reminder of their past, refusing to approach Hester once the scarlet letter is removed. This suggests that the past cannot be so easily discarded.

Why does Dimmesdale forgive Hester for keeping Chillingworth's secret?

He realizes that while their sin was one of passion, Chillingworth’s sin is one of cold-blooded, intellectual malice, making their connection seem more human and forgivable by comparison.

What happens when Hester removes the scarlet letter in the forest?

She feels a weight lifted off her soul, and the natural world seems to brighten with sunlight, symbolizing a momentary liberation from social stigma.

Where do Hester and Dimmesdale plan to go?

They plan to take a ship back to Europe, specifically to a large city where they can live anonymously and Dimmesdale can find a new purpose.

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